Gout: The Year in Review 2025

The editors of the «Ukrainian rheumatological journal»

Summary. The incidence of gout has been steadily increasing over the past decades, while its treatment still remains insufficiently effective. There is increasing evidence of a multifactorial etiology of this disease, which includes genetic predisposition, the influence of environmental factors and dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota. Modern advances in biomolecular and computer sciences have made it possible to obtain significantly more genetic, epigenetic, transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic data on hyperuricemia and the molecular mechanisms associated with gout. In addition, the relationship of gout with cardiovascular, metabolic and renal diseases may open new therapeutic targets for anti-inflammatory and urate-lowering therapies. The aim of this review is to present the latest data on gout research, epidemiology, genetics, molecular mechanisms, diagnostic approaches, and current therapeutic advances.