Analysis of risk factors for the development of disorders of bone mineral density in patients with axial spondyloarthritis
Summary. Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease, affecting the entheses of the axial and peripheral skeleton, which can lead to local bone erosion or regional decline in bone mineral density (ВМD) and is characterized by a predisposition to lesions, sclerosis and pathological bone formation. The presence of inflammation and the release of related mediators provoke disorders of BMD. Changes in BMD occur in all age groups and are diagnosed in both men and women. The aim of the study is to assess the impact of risk factors on the frequency and nature of BMD disorders in patients with AS. The results of the study. In this group of patients 56% had no BMD disorders, 44% had BMD changes in the following percentage: osteopenia — 23%, osteoporosis —19%, fracture — 2%. The frequency of syndesmophytes in 44% of patients with BMD changes was 43%, in 57% of patients — syndesmophytes were absent. Conclusions. AS is associated with BMD disorders in both men and women. Osteoproliferative changes in AS are associated with decreased BMD: syndesmophytes are found in 81% of cases in a subgroup of patients with osteopenia and osteoporosis. Decreased BMD and osteoproliferation have common risk factors: AC activity and duration, smoking, and glucocorticoid use.
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