IMMUNE-DEPENDENT MECHANISM OF REGENERATIVE ACTION OF MSCS DURING STRESS ULCER FORMATION

Nikolskyi I.S., Nikolska V.V. , Taranukha L.I., Semenova Ya.-M.O. , Nikolska K.I.

• Institute of Genetic and Regenerative Medicine State University «National Scientific Center «Institute of Cardiology, Clinical and Regenerative Medicine named after Acad M.D. Strazheska of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine»

Summary. Currently, it is relevant to study the possibility of using multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) to stimulate regeneration processes in immunodeficiencies, among which stress reactions occupy a special place. The paper examines the mechanism of the effect of bone marrow MSCs on gastric ulcer formation and the state of the immune system under conditions of acute and repeated stress. Immobilization water immersion stress was reproduced in Wistar rats in two variants: acute and repetitive. The number and area of ​​stress ulcers, indicators of the thymus and spleen, as well as hematological indicators, the proliferative and cytotoxic activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, splenocytes and lymph node cells were studied, and the absorptive activity of neutrophils was determined. As a result of the implementation of both types of stress in rats, the process of ulcer formation in the stomach is induced, with a simultaneous pronounced restructuring of the immune system during repeated stress and its slight involvement during acute stress. The introduction of MSCs before the induction of acute stress or before the last induction, which completes the formation of repeated stress, leads to a pronounced inhibition of ulceration only in the case of repeated stress with the development of characteristic changes in the immune system. The regenerative activity of MSCs is formed under certain conditions of the composition of the immune system, which is also necessary for the manifestation of the own immunotropic effect of MSCs, certain mechanisms of which can contribute to strengthening the regenerative activity of cells. It is desirable to take into account the immune-dependent mechanism of regenerative action of MSCs when developing methods of MSC transplantation treatment. Transplantation of bone marrow MSCs in rats before reproduction of acute immobilization water-immersion stress does not affect the intensity of ulceration in the stomach, and the introduction of cells before the last induction of repeated stress leads to a significant suppression of gastric ulceration with a decrease in the number and area of ​​ulcers. The effective regenerative effect of MSCs is manifested only in case of repeated stress, when there is a significantly greater restructuring of the immune system, which indicates the immune-dependent effect of MSCs. Transplanted MSCs also demonstrate their own immunotropic activity, effectively affecting the proliferative activity of thymocytes and the absorptive activity of neutrophils during acute stress and the absorptive activity of neutrophils during repeated stress.